SS-31 30mg research vials: elamipretide explained. Learn how this mitochondrial peptide works, safety data, and where to buy SS-31 peptide in the USA.
SS-31 30mg refers to a 30-milligram vial of the research peptide SS-31, also known as elamipretide. It is sold strictly for laboratory research and is not approved by the FDA for human use. Researchers choose the 30mg size because it provides a convenient amount for multiple experiments after reconstitution.
What Is SS-31 (Elamipretide)?
SS-31 is a synthetic tetrapeptide that targets the inner mitochondrial membrane. Its sequence is D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2, and it binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid critical for energy production. By stabilizing cardiolipin, SS-31 helps reduce reactive oxygen species and improves ATP synthesis in preclinical models.
Elamipretide is the clinical name for SS-31. It has been studied in human trials for conditions such as Barth syndrome, primary mitochondrial myopathy, and heart failure. However, no formulation of SS-31 is FDA-approved for any indication in the United States.
Why 30mg Is a Common Vial Size
SS-31 is typically sold as a lyophilized powder in vials ranging from 10mg to 50mg. The 30mg vial is a middle-ground option that balances cost, handling, and the number of experiments you can run.
After reconstitution with bacteriostatic water or sterile saline, a 30mg vial can yield several aliquots. The table below compares common vial sizes for research use.
| Vial Size | Reconstitution Volume (for 1 mg/mL) | Number of 1 mg Aliquots | Typical Research Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10mg | 10 mL | 10 | Pilot studies |
| 30mg | 30 mL | 30 | Multi-arm experiments |
| 50mg | 50 mL | 50 | Large-scale screening |
Many labs prefer the 30mg size because it reduces the need to reorder frequently. It also allows for dose-response studies without wasting material.
How SS-31 Works in Mitochondria
Mitochondria produce most of the cell's energy through oxidative phosphorylation. Cardiolipin is a unique phospholipid found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and it is essential for the proper assembly of respiratory chain complexes.
SS-31 binds cardiolipin electrostatically. This interaction prevents cardiolipin from being oxidized by reactive oxygen species. As a result, mitochondrial cristae structure is preserved, and electron transport chain efficiency improves.
In animal models of ischemia-reperfusion injury, SS-31 reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function. These findings have driven interest in mitochondrial-targeted therapies, but human results have been mixed.
Research Applications and Clinical Trial Results
SS-31 has been tested in several human clinical trials. The most advanced programs focused on Barth syndrome and primary mitochondrial myopathy. In the MMPOWER-3 trial, elamipretide did not meet its primary endpoint for the six-minute walk test, although some secondary measures showed signals.
Other studies explored SS-31 for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and dry age-related macular degeneration. The dry AMD program was discontinued after failing to show benefit. These outcomes highlight the gap between promising preclinical data and clinical efficacy.
Researchers continue to investigate SS-31 in models of kidney injury, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disease. Many also look into ss-31 and mots-c together because both peptides influence mitochondrial function through different mechanisms.
SS-31 Side Effects and Safety Considerations
In clinical trials, the most commonly reported ss 31 side effects were mild. They included injection site reactions, headache, nausea, and fatigue. Serious adverse events were rare and generally similar to placebo groups.
Long-term safety data in humans are limited. SS-31 is not FDA-approved, and it should never be used for self-treatment. Anyone considering research peptides should consult a healthcare professional and review the latest safety literature.
Animal studies have not shown significant toxicity at typical research doses. However, the absence of evidence is not evidence of safety, especially for chronic use.
Where to Buy SS-31 30mg in the USA
SS-31 30mg is sold by third-party research chemical suppliers. When you search for where to buy ss-31 peptide, look for vendors that provide a certificate of analysis (COA), HPLC purity data, and mass spectrometry results.
Reputable suppliers clearly label their products as for research use only and not for human consumption. If a website makes health claims or offers dosing instructions, that is a red flag.
For those who need to ss 31 peptide buy usa, domestic shipping can reduce customs delays and temperature fluctuations. Always verify the vendor's reputation and testing standards before purchasing.
SS-31 Compared to Other Research Peptides
SS-31 is often discussed alongside other mitochondria-targeted or regenerative peptides. The table below summarizes key differences.
| Peptide | Primary Target | Main Research Interest | FDA Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| SS-31 (elamipretide) | Cardiolipin | Mitochondrial dysfunction | Not approved |
| MOTS-c | AMPK pathway | Metabolic regulation | Not approved |
| BPC-157 | VEGFR2 | Tissue repair | Not approved |
MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide that activates AMPK. Researchers sometimes compare SS-31 and MOTS-c because both aim to improve mitochondrial health, but their mechanisms differ. BPC-157 is a gastric peptide studied for wound healing and tendon repair. Many people ask does bpc-157 help with muscle growth, but current evidence does not support BPC-157 as a muscle-building agent.
Storage and Handling of SS-31 30mg
Lyophilized SS-31 should be stored at -20°C or lower, protected from light. After reconstitution, aliquots can be kept at 4°C for short-term use or frozen at -80°C for longer storage.
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, which can degrade the peptide. Use sterile technique and filter sterilization if your experiment requires it. Always follow your institution's safety guidelines.
Key Takeaways
- SS-31 30mg is a research-grade vial of elamipretide, not a supplement or medication.
- SS-31 is not FDA-approved for human use in the United States.
- Reported side effects in trials were generally mild, but long-term human safety data are lacking.
- Purchase only from vendors that provide third-party COAs and clear research-use labeling.
- Consult a healthcare professional before using any research peptide.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is SS-31 30mg used for?
SS-31 30mg is used in laboratory research on mitochondrial function. Scientists study it in cell cultures and animal models of conditions like ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and metabolic disease. It is not intended for human consumption.
Is SS-31 approved by the FDA?
No. SS-31 (elamipretide) is not FDA-approved for any human indication. It is sold as a research chemical only. Clinical trials have been conducted, but they have not led to regulatory approval.
What are the side effects of SS-31?
In clinical trials, the most common side effects were mild injection site reactions, headache, nausea, and fatigue. Serious adverse events were rare. Long-term safety data are limited, so anyone considering SS-31 should consult a healthcare professional.
This page provides educational research information and does not replace medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.